{"id":3979,"date":"2026-09-08T08:16:59","date_gmt":"2026-09-08T08:16:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/?p=3979"},"modified":"2026-08-23T04:18:47","modified_gmt":"2026-08-23T04:18:47","slug":"which-metals-are-magnetic-materials","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/which-metals-are-magnetic-materials\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak\u00e1 kovov\u00e1 magnetick\u00e1 materi\u00e1ly \u2013 seznam a pr\u016fvodce"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ne v\u0161echno kovy p\u0159itahuj\u00ed magnety a znalost <strong>kter\u00e9 kovy jsou magnetick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly<\/strong> v\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee u\u0161et\u0159it \u010das, \u00fasil\u00ed a n\u00e1kladn\u00e9 materi\u00e1lov\u00e9 chyby.<\/p>\n<p>Zat\u00edmco \u010dist\u00e9 prvky jako <strong>\u017eelezo<\/strong>, <strong>nikl<\/strong>, a <strong>kobalt<\/strong> jsou p\u0159irozen\u011b <strong>feromagnetick\u00e9<\/strong>, b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 slitiny jako <strong>nerezov\u00e1 ocel<\/strong> se chovaj\u00ed zcela odli\u0161n\u011b v z\u00e1vislosti na sv\u00e9 krystalick\u00e9 struktu\u0159e.<\/p>\n<p>V tomto pr\u016fvodci objev\u00edte definitivn\u00ed seznam <strong>magnetick\u00fdch kov\u016f<\/strong>, rozeberete slo\u017eit\u00e9 v\u00fdjimky slitin a nau\u010d\u00edte se p\u0159esn\u011b to, co p\u0159itahuje, co odpuzuje a pro\u010d.<\/p>\n<p>Poj\u010fme se rovnou pustit do toho.<\/p>\n<h2>Rychl\u00fd pr\u016fvodce magnetick\u00fdmi kovy<\/h2>\n<p>Pochopen\u00ed <strong>kter\u00e9 kovy jsou magnetick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly<\/strong> je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro optimalizaci elektromagnetick\u00e9ho n\u00e1vrhu, efektivity motor\u016f a v\u00fdb\u011br struktur\u00e1ln\u00edch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed. Kovy spadaj\u00ed do r\u016fzn\u00fdch magnetick\u00fdch kategori\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b jejich elektronov\u00e9ho spinov\u00e9ho stavu a dom\u00e9n.<\/p>\n<h3>J\u00e1dro feromagnetick\u00fdch prvk\u016f<\/h3>\n<p>Tyto \u010dist\u00e9 prvky vykazuj\u00ed siln\u00e9, spont\u00e1nn\u00ed p\u0159itahov\u00e1n\u00ed k magnetick\u00fdm pol\u00edm a uchov\u00e1vaj\u00ed magnetizaci:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u017delezo (Fe):<\/strong> Standardn\u00ed z\u00e1klad pro vysokou permeabilitu a designy magnetick\u00fdch jader elektromagnet\u016f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nikl (Ni):<\/strong> Udr\u017euje siln\u00e9 feromagnetick\u00e9 vlastnosti s vestav\u011bnou korozn\u00ed odolnost\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kobalt (Co):<\/strong> Kritick\u00fd pro aplikace s vysok\u00fdm teplem d\u00edky v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b vysok\u00e9mu Curie bodu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gadolinium (Gd):<\/strong> Projevuje feromagnetick\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed pod pokojovou teplotou (pod 20\u00b0C \/ 68\u00b0F).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 slitiny<\/h3>\n<p>Vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me navr\u017een\u00e9 <strong>permanentn\u00ed magnetov\u00e9 slitiny<\/strong> a m\u011bkk\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly k dosa\u017een\u00ed specifick\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f hustoty toku:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Neodym-\u017eelezo-b\u00f3r (NdFeB):<\/strong> Nejv\u00fd\u0161e energeticky v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 trval\u00e9 magnety pro pohonn\u00e9 \u00fastroj\u00ed EV a robotiku.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Samarium-kobalt (SmCo):<\/strong> Magnety s vysokou koercivitou optimalizovan\u00e9 pro extr\u00e9mn\u00ed teploty a korozn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>AlNiCo a Ferroick\u00fd\/keramick\u00fd:<\/strong> N\u00e1kladov\u011b efektivn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly s vysokou tepelnou stabilitou a elektrickou odolnost\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Uhl\u00edkov\u00e1 ocel a litina:<\/strong> Standardn\u00ed feromagnetick\u00e9 konstruk\u010dn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly pro veden\u00ed toku a r\u00e1my motor\u016f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>FeCrCo:<\/strong> Tv\u00e1rn\u00e9, obr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00e9 slitiny p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00e9 pro vlastn\u00ed geometrick\u00e9 konfigurace.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Nedo magnetick\u00e9 kovy<\/h3>\n<p>Tyto kovy neprojevuj\u00ed praktickou p\u0159ita\u017elivost k trval\u00fdm magnet\u016fm za standardn\u00edch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch podm\u00ednek:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>hlin\u00edk, m\u011b\u010f, mosaz, bronz, zlato, st\u0159\u00edbro, titan, olovo<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Hlavn\u00ed srovn\u00e1vac\u00ed matice<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">N\u00e1zev kovu<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Magnetick\u00e1 kategorie<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Relativn\u00ed magnetick\u00e1 permeabilita<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Prim\u00e1rn\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u010cist\u00e9 \u017eelezo (Fe)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Feromagnetick\u00e9<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">5 000 \u2013 200 000<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">J\u00e1dra trafostanic, solenoidy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Neodym (NdFeB)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Permanentn\u00ed feromagnetick\u00fd<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1.05<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Motory EV s vysokou \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed, pohony<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Nikl (Ni)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Feromagnetick\u00e9<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">100 \u2013 600<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Z\u00e1t\u011b\u017eov\u00e9 svorky bateri\u00ed, magnetick\u00e9 st\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Kobalt (Co)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Feromagnetick\u00e9<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">250<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Sestavy magnet\u016f pro vysok\u00e9 teploty<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Uhl\u00edkov\u00e1 ocel<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Feromagnetick\u00e9<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">100 \u2013 1 000<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Obalov\u00e9 pouzdra pro pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 motory, struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed r\u00e1my<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Hlin\u00edk<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Paramagnetick\u00e9<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1.000022<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Leteck\u00e9 a kosmick\u00e9 struktury, v\u00fdm\u011bn\u00edky tepla<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>M\u011b\u010f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Diamagnetick\u00e9<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">0.99999<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Vysokov\u00fdkonn\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 vinut\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Fyzika magnetismu kov\u016f<\/h2>\n<p>Pochopen\u00ed toho, pro\u010d n\u011bkter\u00e9 kovy reaguj\u00ed na magnetick\u00e1 pole, vy\u017eaduje zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed mechanism\u016f na \u00farovni atom\u016f. V na\u0161ich testovac\u00edch a v\u00fdrobn\u00edch procesech hodnot\u00edme chov\u00e1n\u00ed kov\u016f podle \u010dty\u0159 v\u011bdeck\u00fdch klasifikac\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Feromagnetick\u00fd:<\/strong> Vykazuje silnou magnetickou atrakci a udr\u017euje trvalou magnetizaci d\u00edky paraleln\u00ed orientaci spin\u016f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Paramagnetick\u00fd:<\/strong> Ukazuje slab\u00e9, do\u010dasn\u00e9 p\u0159ita\u017een\u00ed v extern\u00edch magnetick\u00fdch pol\u00edch, ale po odstran\u011bn\u00ed pole si ponech\u00e1v\u00e1 nulovou zbytkovou magnetizaci.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Diamagnetick\u00fd:<\/strong> M\u00e1 p\u00e1rovan\u00e9 elektrony, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed slabou odpudivou s\u00edlu v\u016f\u010di extern\u00edm magnetick\u00fdm pol\u00edm.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ferri-magnetick\u00fd:<\/strong> Zobrazuje opa\u010dn\u00e9 atomov\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 momenty nerovn\u00e9 s\u00edly, typick\u00e9 pro slo\u017eit\u00e9 oxidy \u017eeleza.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed pohony kovov\u00e9 magnetismu<\/h3>\n<p>T\u0159i kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed pohony ur\u010duj\u00ed, zda kov vykazuje magnetick\u00e9 vlastnosti:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Rozp\u011bt\u00ed elektronov\u00e9ho spinu:<\/strong> Nesp\u00e1rovan\u00e9 valen\u010dn\u00ed elektrony vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed \u010dist\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 momenty. Siln\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 kovy vynikaj\u00ed spojen\u00fdmi spiny, kter\u00e9 jsou udr\u017eov\u00e1ny kvantovn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bnou.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dom\u00e9nov\u00e9 struktury:<\/strong> Billiony atomov\u00fdch moment\u016f se seskupuj\u00ed do lokalizovan\u00fdch z\u00f3n naz\u00fdvan\u00fdch magnetick\u00e9 dom\u00e9ny. Aplikac\u00ed vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho pole se tyto dom\u00e9ny se\u0159\u00edd\u00ed do paraleln\u00edho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se maximalizuje celkov\u00e1 hustota toku. Zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/magnetic-domains-in-samarium-cobalt-magnets\/\">magnetick\u00e9 dom\u00e9ny v magnetech samarium-kobalt<\/a> ukazuje, jak hust\u00e9 hranice dom\u00e9n zabra\u0148uj\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00e9mu demagnetizov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Krystalov\u00e9 m\u0159\u00ed\u017ekov\u00e9 uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/strong> Krystalick\u00e9 m\u0159\u00ed\u017eky s prostorem t\u011bla (BCC), nap\u0159\u00edklad alfa-\u017eelezo, p\u0159irozen\u011b podporuj\u00ed feromagnetick\u00e9 uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed. Struktury s kryc\u00edm centrem (FCC), nap\u0159\u00edklad austenitick\u00e1 ocel, symetricky ru\u0161\u00ed atomov\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 momenty a z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed nemagnetick\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Teplota Curie a limity demagnetizace<\/h3>\n<p>Tepeln\u00e1 energie p\u016fsob\u00ed jako p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd proti\u00fatok proti magnetick\u00e9mu \u0159\u00e1du. Jak se provozn\u00ed teploty zvy\u0161uj\u00ed, tepeln\u00e9 agitace oslabuj\u00ed hranice dom\u00e9n a sni\u017euj\u00ed celkovou magnetickou toku hustotu.<\/p>\n<p>Kdy\u017e kov dos\u00e1hne sv\u00e9ho <strong>Teplota Curie<\/strong>, tepeln\u00e1 energie zcela p\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdm\u011bnnou interakci. Kov ztr\u00e1c\u00ed svou spont\u00e1nn\u00ed magnetizaci a prom\u011b\u0148uje se na paramagnetick\u00fd materi\u00e1l.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Kobalt (Co):<\/strong> Curie bod p\u0159i 1 121 \u00b0C<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u017delezo (Fe):<\/strong> Curie bod p\u0159i 770 \u00b0C<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nikl (Ni):<\/strong> Curie bod p\u0159i 358 \u00b0C<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>P\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed kritick\u00fdch provozn\u00edch prah\u016f vede k irreverzn\u00ed tepeln\u00e9mu po\u0161kozen\u00ed. Zohledn\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bchto tepeln\u00fdch limit\u016f zabra\u0148uje v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9mu <a href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/cause-demagnetization-in-permanent-magnet-motors\/\">demagnetizaci v permanentn\u00edch magnetov\u00fdch motorech<\/a>, zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnost to\u010div\u00e9ho momentu motoru a struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed magnetick\u00fd v\u00fdkon.<\/p>\n<h2>Rozklad magnetick\u00fdch slitin a materi\u00e1l\u016f pro permanentn\u00ed magnety<\/h2>\n<p>V\u00fdb\u011br spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch slitin pro permanentn\u00ed magnety z\u00e1vis\u00ed na provozn\u00ed teplot\u011b, pot\u0159eb\u00e1ch hustoty toku a mechanick\u00fdch omezen\u00edch. Vyv\u00edj\u00edme pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly optimalizovan\u00e9 pro extr\u00e9mn\u00ed v\u00fdkon, vysokou remanenci a maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed energetick\u00fd sou\u010det (BHmax).<\/p>\n<h3>Vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 z lan\u011b permanentn\u00ed magnety<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Sintezovan\u00e9 a pojit\u00e9 neodymov\u00e9 (NdFeB):<\/strong> P\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed energetick\u00fd sou\u010det (BHmax a\u017e 52 MGOe). Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro vysoce \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 motory a kompaktn\u00ed pohony vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed tok na minim\u00e1ln\u00edm prostoru.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Samarium Kobalt (SmCo):<\/strong> Nezbytn\u00e9 pro vysokoteplotn\u00ed leteck\u00e9 a automobilov\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed. P\u0159i hodnocen\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/samarium-cobalt-vs-neodymium-magnets\/\">samarium-kobaltov\u00e9 vs. neodymiov\u00e9 magnety<\/a>, SmCo nab\u00edz\u00ed vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed tepelnou stabilitu (p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed provoz do 350 \u00b0C) a inherentn\u00ed odolnost proti oxidaci bez povrchov\u00e9ho pl\u00e1tov\u00e1n\u00ed. In\u017een\u00fd\u0159i se ptaj\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/are-samarium-cobalt-magnets-stronger-than-neodymium\/\">jsou magnety na b\u00e1zi samaria a kobaltu siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e neodymov\u00e9<\/a> m\u011bli by poznamenat, \u017ee a\u010dkoli NdFeB vyhr\u00e1v\u00e1 v \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 s\u00edle p\u0159i pokojov\u00e9 teplot\u011b, SmCo udr\u017euje svou magnetickou s\u00edlu ve extr\u00e9mn\u00edm teple.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Konven\u010dn\u00ed a pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 slitiny<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Alloy AlNiCo:<\/strong> Vyzna\u010duj\u00ed se vysokou remanenc\u00ed (Br) a tepelnou stabilitou a\u017e do 520 \u00b0C. Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed koercivita vy\u017eaduje specifick\u00fd n\u00e1vrh obvodu, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo demagnetizaci.<\/li>\n<li><strong>In\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00e9 keramick\u00e9 \/ ferritov\u00e9 magnety:<\/strong> N\u00e1kladov\u011b efektivn\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly s vysok\u00fdm elektrick\u00fdm odporem, kter\u00e9 eliminuj\u00ed ztr\u00e1ty v\u00ed\u0159iv\u00fdmi proudy p\u0159i vysokofrekven\u010dn\u00edch aplikac\u00edch.<\/li>\n<li><strong>FeCrCo a flexibiln\u00ed magnety:<\/strong> Obrobiteln\u00e9 a p\u0159izp\u016fsobiteln\u00e9 mo\u017enosti vhodn\u00e9 pro slo\u017eit\u00e9 geometrie, \u0161t\u011brbiny s p\u0159esnost\u00ed a tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>V\u00fdkonnostn\u00ed matice slitiny magnetu<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Materi\u00e1l slitiny<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed energetick\u00fd produkt (BHmax)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed provozn\u00ed teplota<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Hlavn\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 v\u00fdhoda<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Sinterovan\u00e9 NdFeB<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">35 \u2013 52 MGOe<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">80\u00b0C \u2013 220\u00b0C<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Nep\u0159ekonateln\u00e1 s\u00edla pole a koercivita<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Samarium Kobalt (SmCo)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">18 \u2013 32 MGOe<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">250\u00b0C \u2013 350\u00b0C<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Vysok\u00e1 tepeln\u00e1 stabilita a odolnost v\u016f\u010di korozi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>AlNiCo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">5 \u2013 10 MGOe<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">520\u00b0C<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed zbytkov\u00e1 magnetizace p\u0159i extr\u00e9mn\u00edch teplot\u00e1ch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Ferit \/ keramika<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1.1 \u2013 4.5 MGOe<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">250 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">N\u00edzk\u00e9 materi\u00e1lov\u00e9 n\u00e1klady a vysok\u00e1 elektrick\u00e1 vodivost<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>V\u00fdjimka z nerezov\u00e9 oceli: Pro\u010d n\u011bkter\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed a jin\u00e9 ne<\/h2>\n<p>Kdy\u017e se n\u00e1s ptaj\u00ed kupuj\u00edc\u00ed <strong>kter\u00e9 kovy jsou magnetick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly<\/strong>, nerezov\u00e1 ocel rutinn\u011b zp\u016fsobuje zmatky. \u010cast\u00e9 myln\u00e9 p\u0159edpoklady jsou, \u017ee ve\u0161ker\u00e1 nerezov\u00e1 ocel je nemagnetick\u00e1, ale skute\u010dn\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f z\u00e1vis\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b na krystalov\u00e9 struktu\u0159e vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 b\u011bhem zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed slitin.<\/p>\n<h3>Nerezov\u00e1 ocel austenitick\u00e1 (\u0159ada 300)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Struktura:<\/strong> Krystalov\u00e1 m\u0159\u00ed\u017eka s centrem na stran\u011b plochy (FCC).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Magnetick\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/strong> Nemagnetick\u00e1 ve stavu pln\u011b tepeln\u00e9 \u00fapravy.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 charakteristiky:<\/strong> Slitiny jako 304 a 316 maj\u00ed vysok\u00fd obsah niklu, kter\u00fd stabilizuje nemagnetickou FCC f\u00e1zi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vliv zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/strong> T\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 studen\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce, obr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00ed nebo sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed deformuj\u00ed atomovou strukturu do martensitu, vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed lok\u00e1ln\u00ed, drobn\u00fd magnetick\u00fd tah. \u010casto doporu\u010dujeme t\u0159\u00eddy \u0159ady 300 pro citliv\u00e1 pouzdra, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo parazitick\u00e9mu magnetick\u00e9mu toku nebo ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edmu <a href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/what-is-magnetic-coupling-in-transformer\/\">magnetick\u00e9mu spojen\u00ed v transforma\u010dn\u00edch soustav\u00e1ch<\/a> a precizn\u00ed elektronice.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Ferritick\u00e1 nerezov\u00e1 oce\u013e (400 s\u00e9ria)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Struktura:<\/strong> Krystalov\u00e1 mrie\u017eka s centr\u00e1lnou kubickou mrie\u017ekou (BCC).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Magnetick\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/strong> V podstate feromagnetick\u00e1.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 charakteristiky:<\/strong> T\u0159\u00edda 430 obsahuje vysok\u00fd chromium bez dopl\u0148k\u016f niklu, udr\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed stabiln\u00ed BCC strukturu p\u0159i pokojov\u00e9 teplot\u011b. Nab\u00edz\u00ed siln\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 p\u0159itahov\u00e1n\u00ed, dobrou odolnost proti korozi a n\u00e1kladov\u011b efektivn\u00ed v\u00fdkon pro automotive trim a panely spot\u0159ebi\u010d\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Martenzitick\u00e1 nerezov\u00e1 oce\u013e (400 s\u00e9ria)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Struktura:<\/strong> Krystalov\u00e1 mrie\u017eka s centr\u00e1lnou tetragon\u00e1ln\u00ed (BCT) nebo BCC.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Magnetick\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/strong> \u00dapln\u011b feromagnetick\u00e1.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 charakteristiky:<\/strong> T\u0159\u00eddy jako 410 a 420 obsahuj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed obsah uhl\u00edku, co\u017e je \u010din\u00ed tepeln\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed pro vysokou mechanickou pevnost, tvrdost a odolnost proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed p\u0159i zachov\u00e1n\u00ed siln\u00e9ho magnetick\u00e9ho p\u0159itahov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Porovn\u00e1vac\u00ed matice \u0159ady nerezov\u00fdch ocel\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Slitina t\u0159\u00edd<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">M\u0159\u00ed\u017ekov\u00e1 struktura<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Magnetismus v annealovan\u00e9m stavu<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Vliv zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Prim\u00e1rn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Austenitic<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Citrovan\u00fd krystalick\u00fd (FCC)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Ned\u011blat magnetick\u00e9<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Rozv\u00edj\u00ed drobn\u00e9 magnetismus p\u0159i studen\u00e9m zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">304, 316<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Ferritick\u00fd<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">T\u011blesov\u011b-centrumov\u00e1 kubick\u00e1 (BCC)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Siln\u011b feromagnetick\u00fd<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Udr\u017euje pln\u00fd feromagnetismus; odoln\u00fd v\u016f\u010di tepeln\u00e9Treat<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Martenzitick\u00fd<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">T\u011blesov\u011b-centrumovan\u00e9 tetragon\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Siln\u011b feromagnetick\u00fd<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Udr\u017euje feromagnetismus; ztvrduje tepeln\u00fdm zpracov\u00e1n\u00edm<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">410, 420<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 aplikace: Kter\u00e9 kovy jsou magnetick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly v B2B technologi\u00edch?<\/h2>\n<p>Dod\u00e1v\u00e1me speci\u00e1ln\u00ed slitiny skl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed se nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d glob\u00e1ln\u00edmi v\u00fdrobn\u00edmi sektory, kde v\u00fdb\u011br <strong>kter\u00e9 kovy jsou magnetick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly<\/strong> ur\u010duje struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed design, efektivitu a dod\u00e1n\u00ed to\u010div\u00e9ho momentu.<\/p>\n<h3>Automotive &amp; Electric Vehicles (EV)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Stator and Rotor Lamination Cores:<\/strong> Zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1me tenkogo\u0159\u00edTESilicon \u017eelezn\u00e9 laminy s vysokou permeabilitou k omezov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00ed\u0159iv\u00fdch proud\u016f v elektrick\u00fdch pohonn\u00fdch jednotk\u00e1ch s vysok\u00fdm ot\u00e1\u010dkami.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM):<\/strong> V\u00fdkon motoru z\u00e1vis\u00ed na vysokou kohezi NdFeB sintru, volba spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho <a href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/what-motor-magnets-used-in-permanent-magnet-motors\/\">motor magnets pou\u017eit\u00fdch v permanent magnetov\u00fdch motorech<\/a> zaru\u010duje maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed hustotu to\u010div\u00e9ho momentu a tepelnou stabilitu za velk\u00e9ho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Precision Electronics &amp; Robotics<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Servo Motor Cores:<\/strong> N\u00edzkorasov\u00e9 m\u011bkk\u00e9 \u017eelezn\u00e9 slitiny umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159esnou polohovou zp\u011btnou vazbu bez interference residualn\u00edho toku.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sensors &amp; Actuator Assemblies:<\/strong> P\u0159esn\u011b obroben\u00e9 slitiny NdFeB a SmCo poh\u00e1n\u011bj\u00ed miniaturizovan\u00e9 pohony, spou\u0161t\u011b\u010de senzor\u016f a mikro-reproduktory vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed ostr\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 sp\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Energy &amp; Heavy Industry<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Wind Power Generators:<\/strong> Utility-scale direct-drive turbines z\u00e1vis\u00ed na rotorech s vysok\u00fdm tokem permanentn\u00edch magnet\u016f. Integrace magnet\u016f vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin do <a href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/magnetic-wind-power\/\">magnetick\u00e9 v\u011btrn\u00e9 energie<\/a> platformy maximalizuje v\u00fdstup energie p\u0159i sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed prostoj\u016f zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch \u00fadr\u017ebou.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Magnetick\u00e9 separ\u00e1tory a pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 motory:<\/strong> Sinterovan\u00e9 keramick\u00e9 ferrity a slitiny AlNiCo odstra\u0148uj\u00ed kontaminanty \u017eeleza z provozn\u00edch linek a udr\u017euj\u00ed spolehliv\u00e9 provozn\u00ed cykly v t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch \u010derpadlech.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Medical &amp; Specialized Tech<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>NMR &amp; MRI komponenty:<\/strong> Ultra-rovnom\u011brn\u00e1 magnetick\u00e1 pole vy\u017eaduj\u00ed specializovan\u00e9 m\u011bkk\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 \u017eelezov\u00e9 n\u00e1boje pracuj\u00edc\u00ed spolu se supravodi\u010dov\u00fdmi syst\u00e9my.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nefunk\u010dn\u00ed\/intruzeln\u00ed chirurgick\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje:<\/strong> Spojujeme netradi\u010dn\u00ed magnetick\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje z titanov\u00e9 316L nerezov\u00e9 oceli s c\u00edlen\u00fdmi magnety k navigaci robotick\u00fdmi chirurgick\u00fdmi za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi bezpe\u010dn\u011b kolem zobrazovac\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Krit\u00e9ria v\u00fdb\u011bru in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed a n\u00e1vrh vlastn\u00edch sestav<\/h2>\n<p>V\u00fdb\u011br toho, kter\u00e9 kovy jsou magnetick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly pro va\u0161i aplikaci, vy\u017eaduje vyva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed surov\u00fdch fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch vlastnost\u00ed s konstruk\u010dn\u00edmi omezen\u00edmi. Hodnot\u00edme specifick\u00e9 environment\u00e1ln\u00ed a mechanick\u00e9 parametry, abychom sladili spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 slitiny s va\u0161imi c\u00edlov\u00fdmi v\u00fdkonnostn\u00edmi parametry.<\/p>\n<h3>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 prom\u011bnn\u00e9 n\u00e1vrhu<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Prom\u011bnliv\u00e1<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">In\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00fd dopad<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Prim\u00e1rn\u00ed \u00favahy<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Provozn\u00ed teplota<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Ovl\u00e1daj\u00ed rizika demagnetizace<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Limity Curieho bodu, reverzibiln\u00ed teplotn\u00ed koeficienty<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Riziko koroze<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Ur\u010duje ochrann\u00e9 povlaky<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Chemick\u00e9 vystaven\u00ed, vlhkost, odolnost v\u016f\u010di soli<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Vy\u017eadovan\u00e1 dr\u017e\u00edc\u00ed s\u00edla<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Ur\u010duje fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed geometrii<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Mechanick\u00e1 nosnost, vzd\u00e1lenost vzduchov\u00e9 mezery<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Hustota magnetick\u00e9ho toku<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Pohon v\u00fdkonnosti<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">C\u00edlov\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b Gauss\/Tesla, nasycen\u00ed obvodu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Integrace kov\u016f do vlastn\u00edch sestav<\/h3>\n<p>Optimalizujeme \u00fa\u010dinnost obvodu integrac\u00ed vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00fdch magnet\u016f do vlastn\u00edch ocelov\u00fdch zadn\u00edch d\u00edl\u016f, ochrann\u00e9 gumy, lisovan\u00fdch plast\u016f nebo p\u0159esn\u00fdch kovov\u00fdch pouzder. Kombinace m\u011bkk\u00fdch magnetick\u00fdch ocelov\u00fdch desek s permanentn\u00edmi magnety redirectuje tokov\u00e9 cesty a koncentruje dr\u017e\u00edc\u00ed s\u00edlu p\u0159esn\u011b tam, kde ji pot\u0159ebujete.<\/p>\n<p>Pro specializovan\u00e1 sm\u011brov\u00e1 magnetick\u00e1 pole spolupracujeme s <a href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/custom-halbach-array-permanent-magnet-manufacturer\/\">v\u00fdrobcem vlastn\u00edho Halbachova pole permanentn\u00edch magnet\u016f<\/a> abychom soust\u0159edili magnetick\u00fd tok na jednu pracovn\u00ed stranu a sn\u00ed\u017eili proud\u011bn\u00ed vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pol\u00ed na t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nulu na prot\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stran\u011b.<\/p>\n<h3>V\u00fdrobn\u00ed standardy a kontrola jakosti<\/h3>\n<p>Na\u0161e v\u00fdrobn\u00ed procesy udr\u017euj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsnou pr\u016fmyslovou shodu, aby bylo zaru\u010deno opakovatelnost \u0161ar\u017ee a p\u0159esn\u00e9 rozm\u011brov\u00e9 tolerance:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>ISO 9001 &amp; ISO 14001:<\/strong> Standardizovan\u00e1 syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 kvalita \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a environment\u00e1ln\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Syst\u00e9my ISO\/TS16949:<\/strong> P\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00ed postupy na automobilovou \u00farove\u0148.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b PPAP Level 3:<\/strong> Dokumentace procesu schv\u00e1len\u00ed v\u00fdroby pro kompletn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1sti, v\u010detn\u011b \u00fapln\u00fdch rozm\u011brov\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v o kontrole a certifik\u00e1t\u016f o materi\u00e1lov\u00fdch zkou\u0161k\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a prototypov\u00e1n\u00ed cesty<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Vlastn\u00ed specifikace materi\u00e1l\u016f:<\/strong> P\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed t\u0159\u00edd slitin na z\u00e1klad\u011b po\u017eadavk\u016f na teplotu, mechaniku a taveninu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>CAD modelov\u00e1n\u00ed a simulace FEA:<\/strong> Simulace cest hustoty toku za \u00fa\u010delem zabr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed odlehl\u00fdch ztr\u00e1t a optimalizace v\u00fdkonu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hodnocen\u00ed prototypu:<\/strong> Rychl\u00e1 v\u00fdroba vzork\u016f, mechanick\u00e1 verifikace a Gaussovo testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0160k\u00e1lovan\u00e1 v\u00fdroba:<\/strong> Zjednodu\u0161en\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje a v\u00fdrobn\u00ed pl\u00e1ny k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed kr\u00e1tk\u00fdch lh\u016ft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n<h3>Pouze neferomagnetick\u00e9 kovy se mohou st\u00e1t magnetick\u00fdmi za ur\u010dit\u00fdch podm\u00ednek?<\/h3>\n<p>Ano. Neferomagnetick\u00e9 austenitick\u00e9 oceli (\u0159ada 300) se stanou slab\u011b feromagnetick\u00fdmi, kdy\u017e jsou vystaveny tv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed za studena, velk\u00e9mu oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed nebo obr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00ed. Mechanick\u00fd nap\u011bt\u00ed m\u011bn\u00ed jejich krystalickou m\u0159\u00ed\u017eku s ploch\u00fdm centrem (FCC) na feromagnetickou martenzitickou strukturu. Nav\u00edc paramagnetick\u00e9 kovy jako hlin\u00edk vykazuj\u00ed do\u010dasn\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 p\u0159ita\u017elivosti p\u0159i vystaven\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u00edm vysokofrekven\u010dn\u00edm magnetick\u00fdm pol\u00edm nebo cryogenn\u00edm teplot\u00e1m.<\/p>\n<h3>Jak oh\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed magnetick\u00e9ho kovu m\u011bn\u00ed jeho magnetick\u00e9 vlastnosti?<\/h3>\n<p>Termick\u00e1 energie naru\u0161uje uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed magnetick\u00fdch dom\u00e9n. Jak teploty provozu stoupaj\u00ed, hustota toku a zbytek z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 klesat. Jakmile materi\u00e1l dos\u00e1hne sv\u00e9 specifick\u00e9 <strong>Teplota Curie<\/strong>, feromagnetismus zcela kolabuje a kov se st\u00e1v\u00e1 paramagnetick\u00fdm:<br \/>\n<strong>\u010cist\u00e9 \u017eelezo (Fe):<\/strong> 770 \u00b0C<br \/>\n<strong>Kobalt (Co):<\/strong> 1121 \u00b0C<br \/>\n<strong>Neodymov\u00e9 magnety (NdFeB):<\/strong> 310 \u00b0C a\u017e 400 \u00b0C (v z\u00e1vislosti na p\u0159\u00edsad\u00e1ch s dysprosii\/terbiem)<\/p>\n<h3>Jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi tvrd\u00fdmi a m\u011bkk\u00fdmi magnetick\u00fdmi materi\u00e1ly v j\u00e1drech motor\u016f?<\/h3>\n<p>Klasifikujeme magnetick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly do tvrd\u00fdch a m\u011bkk\u00fdch kategori\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b jejich koercivity a schopnosti uchov\u00e1vat magnetickou energii.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Charakteristika<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">M\u011bkk\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Tvrd\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Hlavn\u00ed funkce<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Sm\u011bruj\u00ed a zesiluj\u00ed magnetick\u00fd tok s minim\u00e1ln\u00ed ztr\u00e1tou energie<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Generuje kontinu\u00e1ln\u00ed, trval\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 pole<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Koercivita<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">N\u00edzk\u00e9 ( magnetizuje a demagnetizuje rychle )<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Vysok\u00e9 ( siln\u011b odol\u00e1v\u00e1 demagnetizaci )<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 slitinky<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">K\u0159em\u00edkov\u00e9 oceli, m\u011bkk\u00e9 \u017eelezo, feritov\u00e9 j\u00e1dra<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Neodym (NdFeB), Samarium-Cobalt, AlNiCo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Prim\u00e1rn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">J\u00e1dra pro laminaci elektrick\u00fdch motor\u016f, transform\u00e1tory, <a href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/what-is-mining-magnetic-coupling-and-how-it-works\/\">t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed magnetick\u00e9 spojovac\u00ed pohony<\/a> pohon<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Permanentn\u00ed magnetov\u00e9 rotory, magnetick\u00e9 separ\u00e1tory, senzory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Jak zjist\u00edte, zda je nezn\u00e1m\u00e1 kovov\u00e1 slitina magnetick\u00e1 bez specialistick\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f?<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Test vz\u00e1cn\u00e9ho Zem\u011b magnetu:<\/strong> P\u0159ilo\u017ete siln\u00fd Neodymov magnet k vzorku kovu. Okam\u017eit\u00e9 pevn\u00e9 p\u0159it\u00e1hnut\u00ed nazna\u010duje ferro\u2011metalick\u00e9 kovy (ocel s uhl\u00edkem, nerezov\u00e1 ocel 400 \u0159ady). Slab\u00e9 p\u0159ita\u017een\u00ed odhaluje studen\u011b zpracovanou nerez 304 nebo 316.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Test t\u0159ec\u00edho odporu Eddyho proud\u016f:<\/strong> Naklo\u0148te nezn\u00e1mou nekovovou desku pod \u00fahlem 45 stup\u0148\u016f a po jej\u00edm povrchu poje\u010fte magnetem. Vysoce vodiv\u00e9 nekovov\u00e9 kovy (m\u011b\u010f, hlin\u00edk) vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed protich\u016fdn\u00e9 eddy proudy, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed pomal\u00e9 klouz\u00e1n\u00ed magnetu po povrchu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Test brzdov\u00fdch jisker brusky:<\/strong> Lehce p\u0159itla\u010dte kov k abrazivn\u00edmu kotou\u010di. \u017delezn\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 kovy d\u00e1vaj\u00ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9, proud\u00edc\u00ed \u017elut\u00e9 jiskry, zat\u00edmco nekovov\u00e9 kovy jako hlin\u00edk, m\u011b\u010f a titan neprodukuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 jiskry.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"references\">\n<h2>Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed zdroje<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.magnet4sale.com\/what-is-the-strongest-permanent-magnet-comparison-of-neodymium-ceramic-smco-and-alnico-magnets\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/www.magnet4sale.com\/what-is-the-strongest-permanent-magnet-comparison-of-neodymium-ceramic-smco-and-alnico-magnets\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jak\u00e9 jsou magnetick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly? Nau\u010dte se \u017eelezo, nikl, kobalt, ocel a net magnetick\u00e9 kovy v jasn\u00e9m a rychl\u00e9m pr\u016fvodci.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3978,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3979","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Ferromagnetic_metals_diagram_ZS1.webp","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3979","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3979"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3979\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3994,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3979\/revisions\/3994"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3978"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3979"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3979"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3979"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}