{"id":1410,"date":"2024-11-27T05:12:37","date_gmt":"2024-11-27T05:12:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/?p=1410"},"modified":"2025-09-18T04:27:23","modified_gmt":"2025-09-18T04:27:23","slug":"grain-boundary-diffusion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/gd\/grain-boundary-diffusion\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00e8 a th' ann am M\u00ecneachadh Cr\u00ecochan Gr\u00e0in"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"post-single\">\n<div class=\"post-content\">\n<h2>Bonasan de Chinnidhean Grain ann an Stuthan<\/h2>\n<p>Ann am stuthan criostail, tha atoms air an r\u00e8iteachadh ann an p\u00e0tran ath-aithneachail \u00e0rd-\u00f2rdaichte ris an canar cruinneachadh criostal. Ach, tha na stuthan seo gu math neo-ch\u00f2mhnard. An \u00e0ite sin, tha iad a\u2019 toirt a-steach m\u00f2ran bheag de chriostalan ris an canar\u00a0<strong>chinnidhean<\/strong>. Tha gach chinidh le fh\u00e8in sti\u00f9ireadh criostal, agus na sg\u00ecrean far am bi chinidhean a\u2019 coinneachadh ris na canar\u00a0<strong>cr\u00ecochan chinnidhean<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Tha cr\u00ecochan chinnidhean nan eadar-aghaidhean far a bheil an sti\u00f9ireadh criostal ag atharrachadh. Bidh iad mar sg\u00ecrean s\u00f2nraichte le feartan eadar-dhealaichte an coimeas ris na chinidhean fh\u00e8in. Tha diofar she\u00f2rsaichean de chinnidhean, gu s\u00f2nraichte roinnte leis an oisean eadar na chinidhean a tha a\u2019 dol c\u00f2mhla:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Cr\u00ecochan chinnidhean \u00e0rd-\u00f2ir<\/strong>: Tha iad seo le m\u00ec-structar m\u00f2r (mar as trice os cionn 15 ceum). Tha iad nas neo-ch\u00f2mhnard agus tha iad le barrachd l\u00f9th, a\u2019 d\u00e8anamh iad nan slighean cudromach airson pr\u00f2iseasan mar an leudachadh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cr\u00ecochan chinnidhean \u00ecosal-\u00f2ir<\/strong>: Tha iad seo le m\u00ec-structar beag (fo 15 ceum) agus tha iad a\u2019 gabhail a-steach sreathan de dh\u00ecoladh. Tha iad nas lugha neo-ch\u00f2mhnard na chinnidhean \u00e0rd-\u00f2ir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cr\u00ecochan s\u00f2nraichte<\/strong>: Tha seo a\u2019 gabhail a-steach cr\u00ecochan lann-labhairt \u00e0ite co-ch\u00f2rdail (CSL), a tha le structaran atomach gu math \u00f2rdail agus gu tric le l\u00f9th nas \u00ecsle agus feartan leudachaidh eadar-dhealaichte.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tha structar a-staigh chinnidhean nas neo-ch\u00f2mhnard na na chinidhean, le barrachd neo-ch\u00f2mhnard atomach agus barrachd \u00e0ite saor. Leis an structar s\u00f2nraichte seo, faodaidh cr\u00ecochan chinnidhean a bhith nan slighean nas luaithe airson gluasad atomach, no\u00a0<strong>leudachadh<\/strong>, an coimeas ris an cruinneachadh criostal iomlan. Leis gu bheil atoms aig cr\u00ecochan chinnidhean nas lugha de phacadh teann agus barrachd loidhnichean mhearachdan, faodaidh iad gluasad nas fhasa, a\u2019 d\u00e8anamh cr\u00ecochan chinnidhean na pr\u00ecomh ph\u00e0irt ann a bhith a\u2019 tuigsinn gi\u00f9lan stuthan leithid neart, d\u00econ an aghaidh corraidh, agus \u00ecrean leudachaidh.<\/p>\n<h2>D\u00e8 a th' ann am M\u00ecneachadh Cr\u00ecochan Gr\u00e0in<\/h2>\n<p>Tha leudachadh chinnidhean na cr\u00ecochnachadh gluasad atoms air na cr\u00ecochan eadar chinidhean ann am stuth criostal. A dh\u2019 aindeoin leudachadh cruinneachaidh, far a bheil atoms a\u2019 gluasad tro structar criostal math, tha leudachadh chinnidhean a\u2019 tachairt anns na \u00e0iteachan nas neo-ch\u00f2mhnard, nas fosgailte aig na cr\u00ecochan chinidhean.<\/p>\n<p>Tha leudachadh nas luaithe air na cr\u00ecochan chinnidhean oir tha barrachd mhearachdan, \u00e0iteachan a bharrachd, agus structaran atomach le droch shuidheachadh. Tha seo a\u2019 cruthachadh slighean nas fhasa airson atoms a shleamhnachadh tro na tha na atoms teann agus air an cur air d\u00f2igh gu h-\u00e0bhaisteach taobh a-staigh na chinidh fh\u00e8in. Smaoinich e mar bhith a\u2019 siubhal tro she\u00f2mar trang (leudachadh cruinneachaidh) an aghaidh gluasad tro chathair mh\u00f2r, falamh eadar na se\u00f2mraichean (leudachadh chinnidhean).<\/p>\n<p>Tha an gluasad atomach nas luaithe seo a\u2019 d\u00e8anamh cr\u00ecochan chinnidhean nan slighean cudromach airson pr\u00f2iseasan leithid corraidh, sintering, agus aois stuth. Tha tuigsinn an eadar-dhealais seo cuideachail airson tuigsinn mar a bhios stuthan ag obrachadh ann an tagraidhean f\u00ecor-sh\u00ecmplidh.<\/p>\n<h2>Modh-obrach Leudachaidh Chinnidhean<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-fusion-400 wp-image-1409\" src=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/The-principle-of-Grain-Boundary-Diffusion-process-400x269.jpg\" alt=\"pr\u00f2iseas Leudachadh Br\u00e0istean Biorach\" width=\"400\" height=\"269\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/The-principle-of-Grain-Boundary-Diffusion-process-200x135.jpg 200w, https:\/\/nbaem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/The-principle-of-Grain-Boundary-Diffusion-process-300x202.jpg 300w, https:\/\/nbaem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/The-principle-of-Grain-Boundary-Diffusion-process-400x269.jpg 400w, https:\/\/nbaem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/The-principle-of-Grain-Boundary-Diffusion-process-600x404.jpg 600w, https:\/\/nbaem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/The-principle-of-Grain-Boundary-Diffusion-process-768x517.jpg 768w, https:\/\/nbaem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/The-principle-of-Grain-Boundary-Diffusion-process-800x538.jpg 800w, https:\/\/nbaem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/The-principle-of-Grain-Boundary-Diffusion-process.jpg 1015w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Air \u00ecre atomach, tha leudachadh chinnidhean a\u2019 tachairt oir tha barrachd \u00e0ite aig atoms agus nas lugha de structar ann am cr\u00ecochan chinnidhean na ann am meadhan na chinidhean (cruinneachadh cruinneachaidh). Tha seo a\u2019 ciallachadh gum faod atoms leum no gluasad nas fhasa air na cr\u00ecochan seo, a bhios mar ch\u00f2raichean nas luaithe airson leudachadh.<\/p>\n<h3>Carson a tha Diffusion nas fhasa aig Br\u00e0gan Cr\u00ecche<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Structar Atomach<\/strong>: Tha br\u00e0gan cr\u00ecche nan roinnean far a bheil an structar criostal neo-chothromach. Tha am m\u00ec-chothrom seo a\u2019 cruthachadh barrachd \u00e0iteachan fosgailte, ris an canar volum an-asgaidh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Volum an-Asgaidh<\/strong>: Tha \u00e0iteachan a bharrachd eadar atoman a\u2019 d\u00e8anamh nas fhasa do atoman sleamhnachadh troimhe.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Te\u00f2thachd M\u00ec-chothrom<\/strong>: Tha br\u00e0gan a\u2019 gabhail a-steach m\u00f2ran mhearachdan leithid dislocationan agus vacaidhean a tha a\u2019 lughdachadh bacadh l\u00f9tha airson gluasad atomach.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Ciamar a tha e a\u2019 d\u00e8anamh eadar-dhealachadh bho Diffusion Bulk<\/h3>\n<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n<table class=\"table\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Feart<\/th>\n<th>Diffusion Br\u00e0gan Cr\u00ecche<\/th>\n<th>Diffusion Volum (Lattice)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Slighe<\/td>\n<td>Br\u00e0gan cr\u00ecche neo-chothromach<\/td>\n<td>Lattice criostal gu math \u00f2rdail<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Gluasad Atomach<\/td>\n<td>Nas \u00e0irde leis an structar fosgailte<\/td>\n<td>Nas \u00ecsle oir tha na h-atoman tiugh ri ch\u00e8ile<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>L\u00f9th Gn\u00edomhachd<\/td>\n<td>Nas \u00ecsle, a\u2019 d\u00e8anamh diffusion nas fhasa<\/td>\n<td>Nas \u00e0irde, nas duilghe airson atoman gluasad<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00ccre Diffusion<\/td>\n<td>Nas luaithe<\/td>\n<td>Nas slaodach<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>Air sg\u00e0th nan diofaran seo, faodaidh sgaoileadh chr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n a bhith os cionn ann an te\u00f2thachd nas \u00ecsle far a bheil sgaoileadh volum a\u2019 cuingealachadh. Tha tuigse air seo cuideachail ann a bhith a\u2019 smachdachadh pr\u00f2iseasan mar sining agus corraidh ann an meatailean.<\/p>\n<h2>Factaran a\u2019 Buaidh air Sgaoileadh Chr\u00ecoch Gr\u00e0n<\/h2>\n<p>Tha grunn fhactaran a\u2019 toirt buaidh air cho luath sa bhios sgaoileadh chr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n a\u2019 tachairt ann an stuthan. Tha te\u00f2thachd a\u2019 cluich p\u00e0irt mh\u00f2r\u2014tha te\u00f2thachd nas \u00e0irde a\u2019 toirt barrachd l\u00f9th do na h-atoman gluasad, a\u2019 d\u00e8anamh sgaoileadh nas luaithe. Tha an l\u00f9th gn\u00ecomhachaidh airson sgaoileadh chr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n mar as trice nas \u00ecsle na airson sgaoileadh lattice, mar sin tha e nas fhasa do na h-atoman leum air adhart air chr\u00ecochan gr\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p>Tha meud na gr\u00e0n agus se\u00f2rsa nan chr\u00ecochan gr\u00e0n cuideachd cudromach. Tha gr\u00e0n nas lugha a\u2019 ciallachadh barrachd chr\u00ecochan gr\u00e0n, a\u2019 meudachadh na slighean airson sgaoileadh. A bharrachd air sin, tha chr\u00ecochan le caractaran eadar-dhealaichte\u2014mar shlighean \u00e0rd-\u00f9ine an aghaidh \u00ecre \u00ecosal\u2014a\u2019 toirt buaidh air \u00ecrean sgaoileadh mar thoradh air diofaran ann an structar atomach agus m\u00ec-chothromachadh.<\/p>\n<p>Tha glan-dh\u00econachd stuth agus a\u2019 chruinneachadh cudromach cuideachd. Faodaidh d\u00econadairean a bhith a\u2019 bacadh no a\u2019 meudachadh sgaoileadh a r\u00e8ir an eadar-obrachadh le chr\u00ecochan gr\u00e0n. Dh\u2019fhaodadh na h-eileamaidean alloy a bhith a\u2019 sgr\u00ecobadh air chr\u00ecochan, ag atharrachadh gi\u00f9lan sgaoileadh.<\/p>\n<p>Mu dheireadh, tha cuideam taobh a-muigh a\u2019 toirt buaidh air sgaoileadh chr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n le bhith ag atharrachadh an \u00e0ite atomach no a\u2019 cruthachadh loidhnichean teicheadh a dh\u2019fhaodadh cuideachadh no bacadh a chur air gluasad atomach. Tha tuigse air na factaran seo cudromach airson tuigsinn mar a bhios stuthan ag obrachadh ann an suidheachaidhean f\u00ecor-shaoghal.<\/p>\n<h2>Tomhas agus Modail de Sgaoileadh Chr\u00ecoch Gr\u00e0n<\/h2>\n<p>Gus tuigse fhaighinn air sgaoileadh chr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n, bidh saidheansair a\u2019 cleachdadh d\u00f2ighean s\u00f2nraichte a\u2019 nochdadh mar a ghluasadas an aghaidh na chr\u00ecochan seo. Tha d\u00f2ighean cumanta a\u2019 gabhail a-steach:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>D\u00f2ighean Radaitracer<\/strong>: Tha iad seo a\u2019 cleachdadh isotop radioactach airson sgaoileadh atomach a leantainn thar \u00f9ine, a\u2019 toirt seachad \u00ecrean sgaoileadh mionaideach.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sgr\u00f9dadh Measgachadh Iain Dh\u00e0rna (SIMS)<\/strong>: Tha am modh seo a\u2019 d\u00e8anamh anailis air a\u2019 chruinneachadh de dh\u00f9thchannan agus raointean faisg air uachdar gus mapa a dh\u00e8anamh air mar a sgaoileas eileamaidean air chr\u00ecochan gr\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tha modail sgaoileadh chr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n gu tric a\u2019 cleachdadh eadar-dhealachaidhean de\u00a0<strong>Achd Fick<\/strong>, a\u2019 m\u00ecneachadh mar a tha p\u00e0irtean a\u2019 sgaoileadh le brosnachadh le diofaran cuideam. Ach, tha gi\u00f9lan nan chr\u00ecochan gr\u00e0n eadar-dhealaichte bho stuthan m\u00f2r, mar sin bidh saidheansair a\u2019 cleachdadh roinnean s\u00f2nraichte mar\u00a0<strong>Se\u00f2rsaichean A, B, agus C Harrison<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Se\u00f2rsa A<\/strong>: Tha sgaoileadh m\u00f2r a\u2019 gabhail thairis; tha sgaoileadh chr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n nas luaithe ach nas lugha cudromach an coimeas ri volum.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Se\u00f2rsa B<\/strong>: Tha d\u00e0 chuid cr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n agus sgaoileadh lattice a' cur gu m\u00f2r ris na h-\u00ecrean.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Se\u00f2rsa C<\/strong>: Tha sgaoileadh cr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n a' riaghladh oir tha sgaoileadh lattice gu math mall.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tha na modalan seo a' cuideachadh le bhith a' ro-innse mar a bhios stuthan a' d\u00e8anamh fo ch\u00e0irdean eadar-dhealaichte, leithid atharrachaidhean te\u00f2thachd no cuideam meacanaigeach. Tha seo riatanach airson dealbhadh stuthan le barrachd seasmhachd, gu s\u00f2nraichte nuair a tha buaidh cr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n a' toirt buaidh mh\u00f2r air pr\u00f2iseasan mar corraidh no creimeag. Gu h-iomlan, tha tomhas agus modail a' toirt dhuinn rathad-obrach practaigeach airson leasachadh coileanadh ann an meatailtean, alloyan, agus stuthan magnetach.<\/p>\n<h2>Buaidhean practaigeach agus tagraidhean de sgaoileadh cr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n<\/h2>\n<p>Tha sgaoileadh cr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n a' cluich dreuchd chudromach ann an iomadh pr\u00f2iseas stuthan leithid sintering, creimeag, corraidh, agus briseadh. Leis gu bheil cr\u00ecochan gr\u00e0n a' tabhann slighean atomach nas luaithe na an lattice m\u00f2r, faodaidh sgaoileadh air na cr\u00ecochan sin buaidh mh\u00f2r a thoirt air mar a bhios stuthan a' d\u00e8anamh fo theas agus cuideam.<\/p>\n<p>Ann an sintering, tha sgaoileadh cr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n a' cuideachadh le bhith a' ceangal p\u00e0irtean nas \u00e8ifeachdaiche, a' leasachadh tiugh agus neart meacanaigeach. R\u00e8 creimeag\u2014far a bheil stuthan a' deformadh gu slaodach fo chuideam cunbhalach\u2014tha sgaoileadh cr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n a' leigeil le atoms gluasad nas fhasa, a' toirt buaidh air seasmhachd fad-\u00f9ine. Ach, ann an corraidh agus briseadh, faodaidh an sgaoileadh nas luaithe seo air na cr\u00ecochan gr\u00e0n a bhith ag adhbhrachadh spotan lag, a' d\u00e8anamh stuthan nas so-le\u00f2nta do mhealladh.<\/p>\n<p>Airson stuthan magnetach, gu s\u00f2nraichte an fheadhainn a chaidh a dh\u00e8anamh aig NBAEM, tha smachd air sgaoileadh cr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n riatanach. Tha e a' toirt buaidh dh\u00ecreach air feartan magnetach le bhith a' toirt buaidh air structar agus glanadh cr\u00ecche. Tha riaghladh sgaoileadh a' cuideachadh le bhith a' leasachadh coileanadh magnetach, neart meacanaigeach, agus beatha fhada nan magnetan. Tha seo gu s\u00f2nraichte cudromach ann an stuthan magnetach \u00e0rd-choileanadh far a bheil seasmhachd agus seasmhachd na pr\u00ecomh dh\u00f2ighean.<\/p>\n<p>Le bhith a' tuigsinn agus a' leasachadh sgaoileadh cr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n, tha NBAEM a' d\u00e8anamh cinnteach gu bheil na magnetan aca a' cumail c\u00e0ileachd s\u00e0r-mhath, a' cothlamadh coileanadh magnetach l\u00e0idir le seasmhachd meacanaigeach.<span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tha an t-e\u00f2las seo a' toirt taic do \u00f9r-ghn\u00e0thachadh ann am dealbhadh stuthan a' coinneachadh ri feumalachdan margaidh na RA airson p\u00e0irtean magnetach earbsach, c\u00e0ileachd \u00e0rd. Airson barrachd fhaighinn a-mach mu stuthan magnetach, faic<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #ff6600;\" href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/gd\/what-is-high-performance-smco-magnets\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">D\u00e8 a th' ann am Magnet SmCo \u00e0rd-choileanadh<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>agus\u00a0<strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><a style=\"color: #ff6600;\" href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/gd\/what-is-permanent-magnet\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">D\u00e8 a th' ann am Magnet seasmhach<\/a><\/span><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2>Sgaoileadh cr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n ann an stuthan magnetach<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-36eea33d6f1540d281c285671ffb8664.r2.dev\/2025\/09\/18\/Grain_Boundary_Diffusion_Magnetic_Effects_5VWi85nt.webp\" alt=\"Buaidhean Magnetach de Leudachadh Br\u00e0istean Biorach\" width=\"1082\" height=\"403\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Tha sgaoileadh cr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n a' cluich dreuchd sh\u00f2nraichte ann an stuthan magnetach, a' toirt buaidh air na raointean magnetach agus coileanadh iomlan. Mur a bheil sgaoileadh m\u00f2r ann an lattice, faodaidh gluasad air na cr\u00ecochan gr\u00e0n atharrachadh structar nan atoms agus na ballachan raointean magnetach nas luaithe. Faodaidh seo adhartachadh no cron a dh\u00e8anamh air feartan magnetach a r\u00e8ir an stuth agus na suidheachaidhean giullachd.<\/p>\n<p>Is i d\u00f9bhlan a th' ann gu bheil sgaoileadh cus air na cr\u00ecochan gr\u00e0n a' leantainn gu atharrachaidhean neo-iomchaidh ann an co-thaobhadh magnetach, a' leantainn gu l\u00f9badh coercivity no magnetization. Ach, faodaidh smachd air sgaoileadh air na cr\u00ecochan gr\u00e0n leasachadh co-ionannachd nan raointean magnetach, a' neartachadh seasmhachd agus neart nan magnetan.<\/p>\n<p>Mar eisimpleir, ann am magnetan beairtean-\u00f9r mar SmCo agus NdFeB, tha riaghladh sgaoileadh cr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n a' cuideachadh le bhith a' cumail structar gr\u00e0n mionaideach, a tha riatanach airson \u00e0rd-choileanadh magnetach agus seasmhachd teothachd. Tha seo riatanach ann an tagraidhean a dh' fheumas magnetan l\u00e0idir, earbsach, leithid motaran dealain no innealan st\u00f2raidh d\u00e0ta.<\/p>\n<p>Tha tuigsinn agus smachd a chumail air sgaoileadh cr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n cuideachd a' cuideachadh le bhith a' lughdachadh aois magnetach agus a' leasachadh an aghaidh corraidh agus briseadh, na duilgheadasan cumanta ann an gn\u00ecomhachas stuthan magnetach. Tha na buannachdan seo a' d\u00e8anamh sgaoileadh cr\u00ecoch gr\u00e0n na fhactar cudromach ann a bhith a' d\u00e8anamh magnetan \u00e0rd-choileanadh airson margaidhean na RA a tha ag iarraidh.<\/p>\n<p>Gus barrachd ionnsachadh mu bhun-bheachdan magnetan agus raointean magnetach, thoir s\u00f9il air\u00a0<strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><a style=\"color: #ff6600;\" href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/gd\/what-is-a-rare-earth-magnet\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">d\u00e8 a th' ann am magnet beairtean-\u00f9r<\/a><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0agus<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><strong>\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ff6600;\" href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/gd\/what-are-magnetic-poles\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">d\u00e8 na poilean magnetach<\/a>.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"post-footer\">\n<div class=\"post-tags\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<nav class=\"post-navigation thw-sept\">\n<div class=\"row no-gutters\">\n<div class=\"col-12 col-md-6\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/nav>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Basics of Grain Boundaries in Materials In crystalline materials, atoms are arranged in a highly ordered repeating pattern called a crystal lattice. However, these materials are rarely a single crystal. Instead, they consist of many small crystals called\u00a0grains. Each grain has its own crystal orientation, and the regions where grains [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1409,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1410","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/The-principle-of-Grain-Boundary-Diffusion-process.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/gd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1410","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/gd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/gd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/gd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/gd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1410"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/gd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1410\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2910,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/gd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1410\/revisions\/2910"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/gd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1409"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/gd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1410"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/gd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1410"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/gd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1410"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}