{"id":1356,"date":"2024-10-10T02:37:10","date_gmt":"2024-10-10T02:37:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/?p=1356"},"modified":"2025-09-18T04:11:52","modified_gmt":"2025-09-18T04:11:52","slug":"what-is-magnetic-hysteresis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/ro\/what-is-magnetic-hysteresis\/","title":{"rendered":"Ce este histerezisul magnetic"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Defini\u021bia histerezisului magnetic<\/h2>\n<p>Magnetic hysteresis is a property of ferromagnetic materials where the material\u2019s magnetic response depends not only on the current magnetic field but also on its past exposure to magnetic fields. In simple terms, when you apply a magnetic field to materials like iron, they become magnetized. However, when the magnetic field changes or is removed, these materials don\u2019t instantly lose their magnetization. Instead, they retain some magnetic memory, which causes a lag in their response.<\/p>\n<p>This lagging behavior is explained by the physics of magnetic domains\u2014small regions inside the material where magnetic moments are aligned. When an external magnetic field is applied, these domains grow or shrink but do not immediately return to their original state when the field changes. This creates a looped pattern known as the magnetic hysteresis loop.<\/p>\n<p>The hysteresis loop graphically represents how the magnetization (magnetic flux density) of a material changes in response to the applied magnetic field strength (magnetic field intensity). It reveals key characteristics such as coercivity (resistance to demagnetization) and retentivity (remaining magnetization), critical for understanding and designing magnetic devices.<\/p>\n<h2>How Magnetic Hysteresis Works<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-36eea33d6f1540d281c285671ffb8664.r2.dev\/2025\/09\/18\/Magnetic_Hysteresis_Loop_Explanation_m7Jl41FaV.webp\" alt=\"Magnetic Hysteresis Loop Explanation\" width=\"510\" height=\"449\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Magnetic hysteresis happens because of the way magnetic materials respond when you magnetize and then demagnetize them. When you apply a magnetic field, the material\u2019s tiny magnetic regions, called domains, start to line up with that field. This alignment is what creates magnetization. But when you take away or reverse the magnetic field, these domains don\u2019t go back to their original state immediately. This lag is what causes the hysteresis effect.<\/p>\n<p>The magnetic hysteresis loop, or B-H curve, is a graph that shows how the material\u2019s magnetic flux density (B) changes with the applied magnetic field strength (H). Important parts of this loop include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Coercivitatea<\/strong>: The reverse magnetic field needed to bring the magnetization back to zero. It shows how \u2018stubborn\u2019 the magnet is about holding its magnetism.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Retentivity (or remanence)<\/strong>: The amount of leftover magnetization when the external magnetic field is removed. This tells you how much magnetic memory the material retains.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Magnetizare de satura\u021bie<\/strong>: The maximum magnetization a material can reach when all the domains are fully aligned.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Types of Magnetic Materials and Their Hysteresis Characteristics<\/h2>\n<p>Magnetic materials mainly fall into two categories:\u00a0<strong>materiale magnetice moi<\/strong>\u00a0\u0219i\u00a0<strong>materiale magnetice dure<\/strong>. Each type shows different hysteresis behavior, which affects their practical use.<\/p>\n<h3>Materiale Magnetice Moi<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Have\u00a0<strong>narrow hysteresis loops<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Low coercivity (easy to magnetize and demagnetize)<\/li>\n<li>Low retentivity (they don\u2019t hold magnetization well)<\/li>\n<li>Ideal for applications needing quick magnetic response and minimal energy loss<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Common Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>O\u021bel de siliciu<\/li>\n<li>Ferite<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Materiale magnetice dure<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Show\u00a0<strong>wide hysteresis loops<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Coercivitate \u00eenalt\u0103 (rezist\u0103 demagnetiz\u0103rii)<\/li>\n<li>High retentivity (holds magnetization for a long time)<\/li>\n<li>Used where permanent magnetization is needed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Common Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rare earth magnets (like neodymium and samarium-cobalt)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n<table class=\"table\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Proprietate<\/th>\n<th>Materiale Magnetice Moi<\/th>\n<th>Materiale magnetice dure<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Coercivitatea<\/td>\n<td>Sc\u0103zut<\/td>\n<td>\u00cenalt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Retentivitate<\/td>\n<td>Sc\u0103zut<\/td>\n<td>\u00cenalt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Bucla de histerez\u0103<\/td>\n<td>Narrow<\/td>\n<td>Wide<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Energy Loss (Hysteresis Loss)<\/td>\n<td>Sc\u0103zut<\/td>\n<td>Superior<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Aplica\u021bie<\/td>\n<td>Transformatoare, inductori<\/td>\n<td>Permanent magnets, motors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>Understanding these differences helps select the right material based on efficiency, magnetic memory needs, and energy consumption\u2014especially critical in the U.S. market for industries like power, electronics, and automotive.<\/p>\n<p>For more on how magnetic materials work, check out this\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #ff6600;\" href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/ro\/soft-magnetic-materials-vs-hard-magnetic-materials\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">soft vs hard magnetic materials<\/a><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Significance of Magnetic Hysteresis in Magnetic Materials<\/h2>\n<p>Magnetic hysteresis plays a big role in how magnetic materials perform, especially when they\u2019re used in everyday devices. One major issue is\u00a0<strong>energy loss due to hysteresis<\/strong>, often called hysteresis loss. This loss happens because when a magnetic material like a transformer core or motor winding cycles through magnetization and demagnetization (AC applications), it wastes energy as heat. That reduces efficiency and can increase operating costs.<\/p>\n<p>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/p>\n<p>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits\u00a0<strong>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/strong>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/p>\n<p>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/p>\n<h2>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/h2>\n<p>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/p>\n<p>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/p>\n<p>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/p>\n<p>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/p>\n<h2>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-36eea33d6f1540d281c285671ffb8664.r2.dev\/2025\/09\/18\/Magnetic_Hysteresis_Measurement_Techniques_AVzZz58.webp\" alt=\"Magnetic Hysteresis Measurement Techniques\" \/><\/p>\n<p>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM):<\/strong>\u00a0cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/li>\n<li><strong>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/strong>\u00a0cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/p>\n<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n<table class=\"table\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Parametru<\/th>\n<th>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/th>\n<th>De ce conteaz\u0103<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Coercivitatea<\/td>\n<td>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/td>\n<td>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Retentivitate<\/td>\n<td>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/td>\n<td>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/td>\n<td>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/td>\n<td>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Pierderea prin isteresis<\/td>\n<td>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/td>\n<td>cURL Too many subrequests by single Worker invocation. To configure this limit, refer to https:\/\/developers.cloudflare.com\/workers\/wrangler\/configuration\/#limits<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>Manufacturers use these measurements in quality control to ensure materials meet specific standards for performance and efficiency. Consistency in magnetic properties means better reliability in transformers, motors, and storage devices used in the U.S. market.<\/p>\n<h2>Minimizing and Controlling Hysteresis Loss<\/h2>\n<p>Reducing hysteresis loss starts with choosing the right type of magnetic material.\u00a0<strong>Materiale magnetice moi<\/strong>\u00a0like silicon steel or ferrites have low coercivity, meaning they magnetize and demagnetize easily with minimal energy loss. These are ideal for transformers and inductors where rapid magnetic changes happen. On the other hand,\u00a0<strong>materiale magnetice dure<\/strong>\u00a0with high coercivity are great when you want a permanent magnet but generally have higher hysteresis loss.<\/p>\n<p>To further control hysteresis loss, manufacturers often use treatments like:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Annealing<\/strong>: Heating and slowly cooling materials relieves internal stresses, improving magnetic properties and lowering energy loss.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Alloying<\/strong>: Adding elements like aluminum, nickel, or cobalt helps tailor magnetic behavior and reduce hysteresis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Finally, smart design plays a big role. Engineers optimize magnetic device shapes, core sizes, and winding configurations to minimize unnecessary magnetic resistance and energy waste. Using laminated cores or powder cores also helps limit eddy currents, complementing hysteresis loss reduction efforts.<\/p>\n<p>All these strategies combined make magnetic components more efficient and reliable, benefiting everything from transformers to electric motors used across the market.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Definition of Magnetic Hysteresis Magnetic hysteresis is a property of ferromagnetic materials where the material\u2019s magnetic response depends not only on the current magnetic field but also on its past exposure to magnetic fields. In simple terms, when you apply a magnetic field to materials like iron, they become magnetized. [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1354,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1356","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/magnetic-hysteresis.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1356","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1356"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1356\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2890,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1356\/revisions\/2890"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1354"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1356"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1356"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1356"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}