{"id":1630,"date":"2025-05-22T06:12:35","date_gmt":"2025-05-22T06:12:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/?p=1630"},"modified":"2025-05-22T06:12:35","modified_gmt":"2025-05-22T06:12:35","slug":"what-is-a-neodymium-magnet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/what-is-a-neodymium-magnet\/","title":{"rendered":"Magnet Neodymium (NdFeB) l\u00e0 g\u00ec"},"content":{"rendered":"

Neodymium Magnet (NdFeB) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h1>\n

B\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nam ch\u00e2m v\u0129nh c\u1eedu m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi? Nam ch\u00e2m Neodymium c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Nam ch\u00e2m Neodymium<\/span> <\/a>nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb neodymium, s\u1eaft v\u00e0 boron. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nam ch\u00e2m v\u0129nh c\u1eedu.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"nam

c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a nam ch\u00e2m NdFeB<\/p><\/div>\n

Nh\u1eefng nam ch\u00e2m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i\u2014t\u1eeb tai nghe \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec7n. S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

NdFeB vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n

B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft \u201cNdFeB\u201d tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n

NdFeB l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Neodymium (Nd), S\u1eaft (Fe), v\u00e0 Boron (B)\u2014ba nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o h\u1ee3p kim nam ch\u00e2m v\u0129nh c\u1eedu m\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y.<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00ean g\u1ecdi k\u1ec3 h\u1ebft c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n

NdFeB l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nam ch\u00e2m n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Nd<\/strong> = Neodymi<\/li>\n
  • Fe<\/strong> = S\u1eaft<\/li>\n
  • B<\/strong> = Bo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    H\u1ee3p kim n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t cao. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n cho nam ch\u00e2m Samarium Cobalt (SmCo), trong khi cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u00f2n cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

    D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a NdFeB v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Lo\u1ea1i nam ch\u00e2m<\/th>\nC\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh<\/th>\nM\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1nh<\/th>\nGi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh<\/th>\nGhi ch\u00fa<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    NdFeB (Neo)<\/td>\nNeodymium, S\u1eaft, Boron<\/td>\n\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605<\/td>\n$$<\/td>\nS\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao nh\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    SmCo<\/span><\/a><\/td>\nSamari, Coban<\/td>\n\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2606<\/td>\n$$$$<\/td>\nCh\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t cao, \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    S\u1eaft ferrit<\/span><\/a><\/td>\nOxide S\u1eaft<\/td>\n\u2605\u2605\u2606\u2606\u2606<\/td>\n$<\/td>\nChi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Alnico<\/span><\/a><\/td>\nNh\u00f4m, Nickel, Cobalt<\/td>\n\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2606\u2606<\/td>\n$$$<\/td>\n\u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t, gi\u00f2n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng khuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng nam ch\u00e2m NdFeB khi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n l\u1ef1c t\u1ed1i \u0111a trong kh\u00f4ng gian nh\u1ecf. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t nam ch\u00e2m nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn nh\u01b0ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd cho c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u0111eo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u2014h\u1ecd ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i NdFeB c\u1ea5p N52, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n

    <\/h2>\n

    Nam ch\u00e2m neodymium s\u1eaft boron d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n

    Nam ch\u00e2m NdFeB m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u01b0ng nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao.<\/p>\n

    Nam ch\u00e2m neodymium s\u1eaft boron \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, k\u1eb9p t\u1eeb, v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 \u00f4 t\u00f4, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \"\u1ee8ng

    s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nam ch\u00e2m NdFeB<\/p><\/div>\n

    <\/h3>\n

    C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o NdFeB<\/h3>\n

    Nam ch\u00e2m NdFeB cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

    D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/th>\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    \u00d4 t\u00f4<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn ABS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/td>\nLoa, tai nghe, \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o<\/td>\nM\u00e1y ph\u00e1t turbine gi\u00f3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    M\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/td>\nC\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e2ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    H\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/td>\nC\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf<\/td>\nMRI, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    V\u00ec l\u1ef1c h\u00fat m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u0129a NdFeB nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. M\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u01a1i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c k\u1eb9p c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh b\u1eb1ng nam ch\u00e2m pot NdFeB, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 t\u0103ng l\u1ef1c gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

    <\/h2>\n

    Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 c\u1ee7a NdFeB l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n

    M\u1ed7i nam ch\u00e2m m\u1ea1nh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4. V\u1eady s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a NdFeB \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u?<\/p>\n

    Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a nam ch\u00e2m NdFeB bao g\u1ed3m neodymium (m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm), s\u1eaft v\u00e0 boron. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9t m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 nung k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c, m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \"Gi\u00e1

    Gi\u00e1 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u nam ch\u00e2m NdFeB PrNd trong 5 n\u0103m qua<\/p><\/div>\n

    T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ebfn nam ch\u00e2m: to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh<\/h3>\n

    1. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/h4>\n
      \n
    • Neodymi (Nd):<\/strong> M\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm khai th\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, then ch\u1ed1t cho \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/li>\n
    • S\u1eaft (Fe):<\/strong> Kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/li>\n
    • Bo (B):<\/strong> T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a nam ch\u00e2m<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      2. Ph\u1ee5 gia<\/strong><\/h4>\n

      \u0110\u00f4i khi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 dysprosium ho\u1eb7c terbium \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

      3. Quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/h4>\n
        \n
      • Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nung ch\u1ea3y trong ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed tr\u01a1<\/li>\n
      • L\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u1ecfi h\u1ee3p kim<\/li>\n
      • Nghi\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9t m\u1ecbn<\/li>\n
      • S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo h\u00e0ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb<\/li>\n
      • \u00c9p th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 nung k\u1ebft<\/li>\n
      • Ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: NiCuNi, epoxy)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        B\u01b0\u1edbc<\/th>\nM\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
        1<\/td>\nChu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb h\u1ee3p kim<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        2<\/td>\nNghi\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p phun v\u00e0o micron th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        3<\/td>\nS\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        4<\/td>\n\u00c9p v\u00e0 nung k\u1ebft<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        5<\/td>\nGia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        T\u00f4i nh\u1edb \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nung k\u1ebft n\u01a1i h\u1ecd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c cung NdFeB t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty motor. \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u1ea5t cao\u2014b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

        <\/h2>\n

        K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n

        Nam ch\u00e2m Neodymium (NdFeB) mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb c\u1ef1c l\u1edbn trong k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Nam ch\u00e2m Neodymium (NdFeB) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nam ch\u00e2m v\u0129nh c\u1eedu m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi? Nam ch\u00e2m Neodymium c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n. Nam ch\u00e2m Neodymium l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb neodymium, s\u1eaft v\u00e0 boron. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nam ch\u00e2m v\u0129nh c\u1eedu. Nh\u1eefng nam ch\u00e2m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1497,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1630","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/16536358801.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1630","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1630"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1630\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1636,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1630\/revisions\/1636"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1497"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1630"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1630"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1630"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}