{"id":3605,"date":"2026-01-05T07:59:38","date_gmt":"2026-01-05T07:59:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/?p=3605"},"modified":"2026-01-05T06:30:32","modified_gmt":"2026-01-05T06:30:32","slug":"magnetic-reversal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/magnetic-reversal\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ef1 ngh\u1ecbch h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb c\u01b0\u1ee1ng chi\u1ebfu cao c\u1ee7a nam ch\u00e2m"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Geomat reversal l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n<p>Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 s\u1eafp \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng? H\u00e3y l\u00e0m r\u00f5 ngay s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t. Khi ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geomagnetic_reversal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>\u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ef1c t\u1eeb<\/strong><\/a>, ch\u00fang ta n\u00f3i nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c hai c\u1ef1c t\u1eeb B\u1eafc v\u00e0 Nam c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tinh \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ed7 \u2014 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd b\u1ecb ng\u00e3 \u00fap.<\/p>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh <strong>Geodynamo<\/strong> x\u1ea3y ra s\u00e2u d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta. Xuy\u00ean s\u00e2u kho\u1ea3ng 1.800 d\u1eb7m xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t,... <strong>t\u1ea7ng l\u00f5i r\u1eddi n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t<\/strong> t\u1ecf ra nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3n s\u1eaft n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n. Khi d\u00f2ng dung d\u1ecbch d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y di chuy\u1ec3n, n\u00f3 sinh ra c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Do lu\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea3y h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n \u0111\u1ed9n n\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh; n\u00f3 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng, y\u1ebfu \u0111i v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<h3>D\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian: S\u1ef1 m\u1edd d\u1ea7n ch\u1eadm, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i b\u00fang tay<\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <strong>s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/strong> x\u1ea3y ra trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t di\u1ec5n ra t\u1eeb t\u1eeb.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb <strong>1,000 \u0111\u1ebfn 10,000 n\u0103m<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Quy tr\u00ecnh:<\/strong> Tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1ea3y sang c\u1ef1c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp; n\u00f3 y\u1ebfu \u0111i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p (\u0111\u00f4i khi cho th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ef1c), v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m: C\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft<\/h3>\n<p>Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u00f2 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n trong v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng qua <strong>b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng palaeomagnetism<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Khi nham th\u1ea1ch phun tr\u00e0o v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed9i \u0111i, c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t gi\u00e0 s\u1eaft b\u00ean trong \u0111\u00e1 c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh theo kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1eafc t\u1eeb hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, kh\u00f3a h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t la b\u00e0n \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y hi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t \u1edf <strong>v\u1eb1n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong> d\u1ecdc theo c\u00e1c r\u00eca gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng. Khi c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o tr\u00f4i, ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o ra m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u201cv\u1eb1n t\u1eeb\u201d \u2014 c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i xen k\u1ebd c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb t\u00ednh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u2014 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e3 v\u1ea1ch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u00fat ra ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadt l\u00fd:<\/strong> Tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec7t<\/strong> S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u \u1edf l\u1edbp l\u00f5i ngo\u00e0i cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ghi tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1<\/strong> C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1 n\u00fai l\u1eeda cung c\u1ea5p d\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p><em>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n t\u00f4i chi ti\u1ebft h\u00f3a d\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1edbn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng si\u00eau chu k\u1ef3 ti\u1ebfp theo kh\u00f4ng?<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n<p>Khi ch\u00fang ta xem x\u00e9t h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t, n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u00e0nh tinh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo m\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch <strong>b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng palaeomagnetism<\/strong> khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f3a b\u00ean trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1 n\u00fai l\u1eeda c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng <strong>\u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ef1c t\u1eeb<\/strong> l\u00e0 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3. Trong 200 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m qua, nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u\u2014x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t th\u1eadm ch\u00ed m\u1ed7i 20.000 n\u0103m \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ef7, trong khi gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean \u1edf nh\u1eefng k\u1ef7 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h3>S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ef1c Brunhes\u2013Matuyama<\/h3>\n<p>L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ef1c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng <strong>\u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ef1c<\/strong> di\u1ec5n ra x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 <strong>780.000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong>. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c Brunhes\u2013Matuyama, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a k\u1ef7 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. B\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u1edf \u201cqu\u00e1 h\u1ea1n,\u201d nh\u01b0ng l\u00f5i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 \u201cSi\u00eau chu k\u1ef3\u201d\u2014nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Si\u00eau chu k\u1ef3 Normal Creta\u2014n\u01a1i c\u00e1c c\u1ef1c t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i g\u1ea7n 40 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m, ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i l\u00e2u h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi trung b\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<h3>Hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i: S\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam<\/h3>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 y\u1ebfu \u0111i c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c <strong>magnetic field weakening<\/strong>tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb \u0111ang y\u1ebfu \u0111i <strong>10%<\/strong>. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1840, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m kho\u1ea3ng <strong>. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf<\/strong> S\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>(SAA), m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng y\u1ebfu l\u1edbn tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb Nam M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e2u Phi. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb ch\u00f2m sao v\u1ec7 tinh Swarm c\u1ee7a ESA x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng SAA kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 th\u00e0nh hai thu lobes ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4i b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/strong> B\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo:<\/p>\n<h2>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n t\u00f4i chi ti\u1ebft h\u00f3a c\u00e1c huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt so v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n \u201cNg\u00e0y t\u1eadn th\u1ebf\u201d li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng?<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/magnetic_reversal_myths_and_facts_overview_lxWPZqH.webp\" alt=\"l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb\" width=\"765\" height=\"612\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1edbm kh\u00f4ng? Huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 g\u00e2y ch\u00fa \u00fd xung quanh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng y\u1ebfu \u0111i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ef1c ch\u1ea1y nhanh qua B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba v\u1eadt l\u00fd. <strong>magnetic field weakening<\/strong>Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i <strong>\u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ef1c t\u1eeb<\/strong>. \u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n. Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u1ebfu \u0111i v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecb b\u1ecf d\u1edf, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cphi\u00eau l\u01b0u\u201d, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n <strong>\u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ef1c<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi 2026 v\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/h3>\n<p>N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c c\u1ef1c d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y <strong>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi 2026<\/strong> c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eafc t\u1eeb t\u1eeb l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c Canada v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Siberia.<\/p>\n<p>S\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch n\u00e0y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 t\u1eeb la b\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u0103ng s\u00e2n bay. Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t vong s\u1eafp t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<h3>R\u1ee7i ro ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf c\u00e1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft t\u1eadn th\u1ebf<\/h3>\n<p>H\u00e3y l\u00e0m r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng nguy hi\u1ec3m. \u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t <strong>s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong> g\u00e2y ra tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 <strong>b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng palaeomagnetism<\/strong> cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 di\u1ec7t v\u1ec9 sinh quy m\u00f4. Kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 ch\u1eafn kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u1eabn nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n ngay c\u1ea3 khi t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng y\u1ebfu \u0111i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>S\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t:<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng an to\u00e0n nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 che ch\u1eafn c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u1ec7 tinh v\u00e0 Phi h\u00e0nh gia:<\/strong> r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng <strong>r\u1ee7i ro ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1<\/strong> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/strong> d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ecba t\u1eeb (GICs) trong c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn b\u00e3o t\u1eeb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea1t gi\u00f3 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi]<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng sinh h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng. S\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng <strong>. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf<\/strong>\u2014m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n\u2014\u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 tr\u00ean v\u1ec7 tinh bay ngang qua khu v\u1ef1c. T\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea7m tr\u00fa \u1ea9n t\u1eadn th\u1ebf, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m v\u1ec7 tinh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h2>Chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: \u0110\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb t\u00ednh trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n<p>Trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 l\u00f5i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang ta lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Khi ch\u00fang ta n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 <strong>s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong> trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ef1c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u1ed9t ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m; ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<h3>Hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n t\u1eeb v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i sao nam ch\u00e2m b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. M\u1ed9t nam ch\u00e2m v\u0129nh c\u1eedu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng vi m\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <strong>mi\u1ec1n t\u1eeb<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ch\u01b0a t\u1eeb h\u00f3a:<\/strong> C\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, l\u00e0m ch\u00fang tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau l\u1eabn nhau.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb h\u00f3a:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang ta \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh theo m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Su \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec1n t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/strong> x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb external \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c \u0111oan bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y quay v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c, t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Khi s\u1ef1 c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<h3>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u0110i\u1ec3m t\u1eeb h\u00f3a ($H_{cj}$) trong Kh\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i<\/h3>\n<p>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta ng\u0103n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra? Ch\u00fang ta t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng Retentivity tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i ($H_{cj}$)<\/strong>. H\u00e3y xem $H_{cj}$ nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a nam ch\u00e2m ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec3m t\u1eeb th\u1ea5p:<\/strong> d\u1ec5 magnetize, nh\u01b0ng d\u1ec5 m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb (nh\u01b0 AlNiCo).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec3m t\u1eeb cao:<\/strong> kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 (nh\u01b0 NdFeB).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Cao <strong>kh\u00e1ng demagnetization<\/strong> l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eeb h\u00f3a n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nam ch\u00e2m, nam ch\u00e2m b\u1ecb \u201cl\u1ea5n \u00e1t\u201d m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, g\u00e2y m\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<h3>T\u1ea1i sao vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng cho \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 EV v\u00e0 robotics<\/h3>\n<p>Trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda. H\u00e3y xem <strong>m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec7t<\/strong> trong m\u1ed9t xe \u0111i\u1ec7n (EV) ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t servo t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 n\u00e0y sinh ra nhi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn v\u00e0 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu nam ch\u00e2m v\u0129nh c\u1eedu b\u00ean trong stato b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Rung torque:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ecb rung rung.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong> Ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn trong khi \u0111\u1ea7u ra sinh nhi\u1ec7t thay v\u00ec chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1eb9t ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u00e9o t\u1ea3i.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do <strong>\u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/strong> l\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u khi ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/magnets-used-in-industrial\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/a> <\/strong>v\u00e0 robot. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ea5t \u201ch\u01b0\u1edbng\u201d d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>(SAA), m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng y\u1ebfu l\u1edbn tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb Nam M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e2u Phi. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb ch\u00f2m sao v\u1ec7 tinh Swarm c\u1ee7a ESA x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng SAA kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 th\u00e0nh hai thu lobes ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4i b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/strong> B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n t\u00f4i chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i NdFeB v\u00e0 SmCo c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb c\u1ef1 cao ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n<h2>Nam ch\u00e2m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb c\u1ef1 cao ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/h2>\n<p>Khi ch\u00fang ta thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 k\u00e9o ho\u1eb7c rotor t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u201c\u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9. \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n m\u1ed9t nam ch\u00e2m m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch khi \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, ch\u00fang ta d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o <strong>kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf g\u1ed1c (Hcj)<\/strong>. H\u00e3y ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 b\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a nam ch\u00e2m\u2014kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean trong kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h3>So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: NdFeB, SmCo v\u00e0 AlNiCo<\/h3>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o nam ch\u00e2m v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i <strong>kh\u00e1ng demagnetization<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/products\/neodymium-magnet\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nam ch\u00e2m NdFeB<\/a>:<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao nh\u1ea5t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t. Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea5p cao c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 c\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ebf Hcj cao (nh\u01b0 chu\u1ed7i UH ho\u1eb7c EH) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 EV.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/products\/samarium-cobalt-magnets\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nam ch\u00e2m SmCo<\/a>:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u01a1n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u00f4, ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/what-is-high-performance-smco-magnets\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nam ch\u00e2m SmCo hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao<\/a><\/strong>. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean cao v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i, khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 mi\u1ec5n nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nam ch\u00e2m AlNiCo:<\/strong> Trong khi ch\u00fang x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, <a href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/products\/alnico-magnet\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nam ch\u00e2m AlNiCo<\/a> c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ebf r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. Ch\u00fang d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb b\u1edfi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ebfm khi d\u00f9ng ch\u00fang trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 khi tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch lu\u00f4n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng M\u1ea1ng l\u0103ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 Diffusion<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m <strong>nam ch\u00e2m NdFeB<\/strong> \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ec1n cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u00f4 t\u00f4 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n sang Samarium Cobalt \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n, ch\u00fang ta d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u1eed l\u00fd ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/grain-boundary-diffusion\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng M\u1ea1ng l\u0103ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/a>:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a nam ch\u00e2m, c\u00f4 l\u1eadp c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t t\u1eeb ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng domino khi m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t ng\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung gian cho c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t l\u00e2n c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Diffusion N\u01a1i B\u00e1m Tr\u1ecdng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong> Thay v\u00ec th\u00eam Dysprosium (Dy) ho\u1eb7c Terbium (Tb) \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nam ch\u00e2m, ch\u00fang ta khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n ch\u00fang ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u00e0o c\u00e1c bi\u00ean h\u1ea1t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u0103ng <strong>kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf g\u1ed1c (Hcj)<\/strong> m\u1ea1nh l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a nam ch\u00e2m (Remanence).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong BH<\/h3>\n<p>ly, tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c boils xu\u1ed1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong <strong>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong BH<\/strong>. M\u1ecdi nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u00e3y tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong kh\u1eed t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea9y nam ch\u00e2m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u00e3y n\u00e0y \u2014 do m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng ho\u1eb7c t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u2014 <strong>s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec1n t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/strong> tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n \u1edf tr\u00ean an to\u00e0n so v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u00e3y n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>(SAA), m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng y\u1ebfu l\u1edbn tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb Nam M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e2u Phi. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb ch\u00f2m sao v\u1ec7 tinh Swarm c\u1ee7a ESA x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng SAA kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 th\u00e0nh hai thu lobes ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4i b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n t\u00f4i chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ISO c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh s\u1ee9c kh\u00e1ng t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p NBAEM<\/h2>\n<p>Khi ch\u00fang ta n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea3o t\u1eeb t\u1eeb \u1edf m\u1ed9t b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, th\u1eadt ra ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c nam ch\u00e2m trong m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1eb7c kh\u1eed t\u1eeb, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. T\u1ea1i NBAEM, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n<h3>\u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 nam ch\u00e2m v\u0129nh c\u1eedu (PMSM) trong xe \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>Xe \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o <strong>\u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 nam ch\u00e2m v\u0129nh c\u1eedu (PMSM)<\/strong>. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp khi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u00e3o ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o cho kh\u1eed t\u1eeb ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng <strong>nam ch\u00e2m c\u00f3 t\u1eeb kh\u00e1ng cao<\/strong>\u2014l\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p NdFeB c\u00f3 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n n\u1eb7ng th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o <strong>mi\u1ec1n t\u1eeb<\/strong> gi\u1eef c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t, ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba m\u1ea5t m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h3>Tu\u1ed1c-bin gi\u00f3: X\u1eed l\u00fd c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng cao m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t flux<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c tu\u1ed1c-bin gi\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m. C\u00e1c nam ch\u00e2m b\u00ean trong m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t ph\u1ea3i duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ec9. C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cho <a href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/permanent-magnet-generators\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t nam ch\u00e2m v\u0129nh c\u1eedu<\/a> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh cao m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t flux. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a <strong>kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf g\u1ed1c (Hcj)<\/strong>, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c<\/p>\n<h3>con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c sinh c\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng.<\/h3>\n<p>B\u1ed9 l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh: M\u1ea3ng Halbach v\u00e0 l\u00f5i Lamination<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nam ch\u00e2m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3:<\/strong> M\u1ea3ng Halbach:<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb \u1edf m\u1ed9t b\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb n\u00f3 \u1edf b\u00ean kia, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho robotics \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao v\u00e0 m\u00e1y gia t\u1ed1c h\u1ea1t.<\/strong> L\u00f5i laminat:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t d\u00f2ng xo\u00e1y \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c laminated gi\u00fap h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1edbi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn ISO <a href=\"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/service\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o nam ch\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u; ch\u1ee9ng minh n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1edbi l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng<\/a>, bao g\u1ed3m nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t <strong>HAST (Highly Accelerated Stress Test)<\/strong> v\u00e0 <strong>PCT (Pressure Cooker Test)<\/strong> nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn ISO n\u00e0y x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o khi b\u1ea1n l\u1eafp m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n NBAEM, n\u00f3 v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n t\u00f4i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n motor nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"references\" class=\"min-w-0 scroll-mt-8 overflow-hidden\">\n<div class=\"text-[16px]\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 text-sm leading-relaxed\">\n<div class=\"break-words text-[1em] leading-7\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb v\u00e0 nam ch\u00e2m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao NBAEM. C\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 NdFeB c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb h\u00f3a ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 EV.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3604,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3605","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/magnetic_reversal_nJnOhMrpZ.webp","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3605","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3605"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3605\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3626,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3605\/revisions\/3626"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3604"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3605"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3605"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbaem.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3605"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}